Cloning Types, Technique, Animals and More

Cloning is the process of creating genetically identical copies of biological matter. This may include genes, cells, tissues or entire organisms. Natural Clones Some organisms generate clones naturally through asexual reproduction. Plants, algae, fungi, and protozoa produce spores that develop into new individuals that are genetically identical to the parent organism. Bacteria are capable of creating clones through a type of reproduction called binary fission. In binary fission, the bacterial DNA is replicated and the original cell is divided into two identical cells. Natural cloning also occurs in animal organisms during processes such as budding (offspring grows out of the body of the parent), fragmentation (the body of the parent breaks into distinct pieces, each of which can produce an offspring), and parthenogenesis. In humans and other mammals, the formation of identical twins is a type of natural cloning. In this case, two individuals develop from one fertilized egg. Types of Cloning When we speak of cloning, we typically think of organism cloning, but there are actually three different types of cloning. Molecular Cloning: Molecular cloning focuses on making identical copies of DNA molecules in chromosomes. This type of cloning is also called gene cloning.Organism Cloning: Organism cloning involves making an identical copy of an entire organism. This type of cloning is also called reproductive cloning.Therapeutic Cloning: Therapeutic cloning involves the cloning of human embryos for the production of stem cells. These cells could be used to treat disease. The embryos are eventually destroyed in this process. Reproductive Cloning Techniques Cloning techniques are laboratory processes used to produce offspring that are genetically identical to the donor parent. Clones of adult animals are created by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this process, the nucleus from a somatic cell is removed and placed into an egg cell that has had its nucleus removed. A somatic cell is any type of body cell other than a sex cell. Cloning Problems What are the risks of cloning? One of the main concerns as it relates to human cloning is that the current processes used in animal cloning are only successful a very small percentage of the time. Another concern is that the cloned animals that do survive tend to have various health problems and shorter lifespans. Scientists have not yet figured out why these problems occur and there is no reason to think that these same problems wouldnt happen in human cloning. Cloned Animals Scientists have been successful in cloning a number of different animals. Some of these animals include sheep, goats, and mice. Cloning and Ethics Should humans be cloned? Should human cloning be banned? A major objection to human cloning is that cloned embryos are used to produce embryonic stem cells and the cloned embryos are ultimately destroyed. The same objections are raised with regard to stem cell therapy research that uses embryonic stem cells from non-cloned sources. Changing developments in stem cell research, however, could help ease concerns over stem cell use. Scientists have developed new techniques for generating embryonic-like stem cells. These cells could potentially eliminate the need for human embryonic stem cells in therapeutic research. Other ethical concerns about cloning involve the fact that the current process has a very high failure rate. According to the Genetic Science Learning Center, the cloning process only has a success rate of between 0.1 to 3 percent in animals. Sources Genetic Science Learning Center. What are the Risks of Cloning?. Learn.Genetics. June 22, 2014.

The Defense Of Layer Security - 991 Words

Cyber attacks target everyone including small companies, large companies, government agencies, executives, and even salespeople. Cyber criminals are using sophisticated methods to gain unauthorized access to information systems to steal sensitive data, Personality Identifiable Information (PII), or even classified materials. Some of the creative methods that attackers use to gain unauthorized access are backdoor programs, social engineering, and Ransomware. Ransomware, as the name implies, is software that encrypts files, and then requires ransom in order for a person to be re-granted access to their restricted files; thus, ransomware is an access denial type of attack that prevents legitimate users from accessing files. While threats and attacks cannot be eliminated, solutions can be applied to reduce the chances of devices getting infected with malware – it is called the defense-in-layers security approach. Defense-in-layers is an approach that advocates for applying security measures in overlapping layers to ensure that the whole security posture is covered. The security layers are to complement each other by ensuring that an unmitigated vulnerability at one layer is mitigated by another control available within another layer. Figure 1 illustrates how the defense-in-layers approach works. 1. Develop a Policy Agencies must develop a policy as the foundation layer for their security program. The policy needs to highlight the key steps the agency is establishing toShow MoreRelatedEssay On Defense-In-Depth Strategy1218 Words   |  5 Pagesstrong defense-in-depth strategies in place. Although they may be strong defense-in-depth strategies, vulnerabilities may be present and used as an advantage point for hackers to gain access to the network. Defense-in-depth strategies will help create risk management to assess certain risks that may be proven as detrimental to a network. The idea behind defense in depth is to manage risk with diverse defensive strategies, so that if one layer of defense turns out to be inadequate, another layer of defenseRead MoreThe Core Layers Of Defense1237 Words   |  5 Pagesand most of them will perform their duties without having security. In addition, the critical missions of a massive interconnected device are security and interoperability. Hackers will use more complex tools and techniques to breach the network system. Hence, companies should establish strong security countermeasures and the best approach to provide better security by deploying a multilayer approach which is called Defense in Depth. Defense in Depth is considered as a vital part for securing the InternetRead MoreHomeland Security And Homeland Defense Essay1252 Words   |  6 PagesHomeland security and homeland defense. Both have similar titles and can be regarded as the same thing. By definition however they are two separate sides of the coin that keep the United States regulated and protected against the threats from both the inside and outside. Homeland security is defined simply as a combination of law enforcement, disaster, immigration, and terrorism issues and is the prime responsibly of civilian agencies at all levels. Homeland defense is defined as, the protectionRead MoreThe Core Layers Of Defense1232 Words   |  5 Pageswithout having security. In addition, the critical missions of a massive interconnected device are security and interoperability. Hackers will use more complex tools and techniques to breach the network system. Hence, companies should establish strong security countermeasures and the best approach to provide better security by deploying a multilayer approach, which is called defense in depth. Defense in depth is considered as a vital part for securing the Internet of Things because defense in depth preventsRead MoreThe Core Layers Of Defense1232 Words   |  5 Pageshaving security. In addition, the cri tical mission of a massive interconnected devices are security and interoperability. Hackers will use more complex tools and techniques to breach the network system. Hence, companies should establish strong security countermeasures and the best approach to provide superlative is security by deploying multilayer security method which is called defense in depth. Defense in depth is considered as a vital part for securing the Internet of Things because defense in depthRead MoreSecuring The Network Is A Top Priority For Any Organization1330 Words   |  6 Pagesto have redundancy built in, it also needs to have security devices implemented on the network as well. Defense in depth is a good practice to follow, this is having more than one form of defense to break through. This will either slow down an attacker or discourage them. It is a great strategy because having several layers of defense makes it more difficult for an attacker to breach the network. One critical security device and layer of defense to have on the organizations network is an IntrusionRead MoreThe Threat Of Network Security925 Words   |  4 PagesThere are threats to network security that can compromise your computer systems. Viruses are one of the top security threats in the technology industry. A virus is a program or a code that is loaded into your computer system without your knowledge will run against your wishes (Beal, n.d). Viruses can also replicate themselves. All computer viruses are manmade and a virus can make a copy of itself several times and easy to create (Beal, n.d). Mark Vernon wrote that 72% of all companies have receivedRead MoreProject Deliverable 1: Project Plan Inception Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesgoals. Infrastructure and Security The company has implemented security policies Enterprise Security Policy, Issue-Specific Security Policy and Systems- Specific Security policy. It follows NIST security model and follows IETF security architecture. It has chosen firewalls based on generation and structure. Along with this, it implements a type of Intrusion Detection and Prevention System. Privileges are defined for accessing Virtual Private Network (Kent, 2006). Security cannot be achieved by merelyRead MoreAn Effective Defense Mechanism Within The Organization s It Framework975 Words   |  4 PagesTraditionally, IT (Information Technology) security focused on securing the IT assets within the organization’s IT framework. However, with the advent of smart mobile devices, cloud computing, and remote connectivity, the IT landscape has changed dramatically in the last few decades. With these changes, the frequency of attacks by cyber criminals has increased as well. We constantly hear news reports of large-scale cyber attacks targeting financial, government and healthcare organizations. MoreoverRead MoreVirtualization Project Report1624 Words   |  7 PagesVirtualization Security in Data Centers and Clouds Minjie Zheng, mzheng@go.wustl.edu (A project report written under the guidance of Prof. Raj Jain) DownloadPDF Abstract In the past decade, with the unprecedented growth in tech companies and advances in cloud computing, it has become increasingly common for companies to incorporate virtualization in their data centers to fully utilize their hardware resources. As a result, virtualization and virtualization security have gone through major transforms

Compare or Contrast Free Essays

The City I Love Traveling is one of my favorite activities in life. But the sad truth is that I have only been to one other place besides my hometown Miami, Florida. My first adventure was to a small town in North Carolina called Liberty. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare or Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now Compared to Miami, there were many characteristics I was not familiarized with and were new to me. Among the many alterations the weather, the people, and the lifestyle were the ones that caught my attention the most, causing me to realize just how much I need to appreciate Miami. For starters, the weather in Liberty is completely opposite from what we are used to in Miami. Instead of walking outside sweating from head to toe and becoming completely sticky from the humidity, they experience what is known as dry heat. But besides that, the temperature also affects the seasons. For example, in fall, the leaves on the trees begin to change colors and fall off their branches. It’s quite a sad situation because the leaves are drying out, but it’s one of the many beautiful scenes my eyes could capture. In winter, temperatures drop to freezing level and snow starts to come around. People have to wear tons of jackets and sweaters to stay warm. Unlike Miami, the weather is almost always on the same temperature dial, hot. Even in the fall, it still feels like it is summer. People go to the beaches, but never get in since water temperature may be cold because of the ocean currents. In winter, temperatures start to drop, but never to a freezing point unless a strong cold front passes by. Quite frankly, I love it in Miami because the weather is always perfect for many activities. It’s really hard to leave a beautiful place like this. The people in Liberty also caught me by surprise. I expected them to be down to earth and friendly, but I was wrong! The majority of the population included plenty of whites and Mexicans. The whites though, were very racist against African Americans, Latinos, and Mexicans. Their attitudes include nothing of humility because they believe to be the best among all. They were really disrespectful and always looked at others as if they were an alien. In Miami, there is a variety of different people, but mostly Latinos take more than half of the population. I could truly say I feel accepted, because everyone down here usually gets along and typically treat one another equally. Most importantly the color of a human skin or of a family background does not keep you from being treated with respect, and that is one quality I would refuse to lose hold of. The lifestyle at Liberty compared to Miami was vapid. There was nothing to do since nothing was near. Stores were miles away and malls were nowhere to be seen or found. Neighbors were also far apart since people owned acres of land to grow crops or just to have to themselves. Club and lounges were also never heard of since not many people partied or went out to have a good time. Liberty was also a dry county. For instance, on Sundays, they weren’t permitted to hunt or purchase liquor from the stores or gas stations because Sundays are considered to be holy days. Even though it was peaceful and quiet, on the other hand, Miami was always awake with its beautiful beaches and party activities. Stores and malls are just around the corner and they vary. Clubs and lounges are always open even on Sundays and are found anywhere in Miami if anybody wants to have a great time. Miami lifestyle is just amazing and never can get boring and lame. I can always find something to do and somewhere to go to be with friends or even with the family. Even though visiting Liberty was nice, there’s no doubt that Miami is the greatest place to live in or visit if you’re from another country or state. The weather, people, and lifestyle are far from being alike, but not every state or country is the same. I liked Liberty, but Miami is the place I love as the weather is amazing, the people are respectful, and the lifestyle is full of entertainment. Miami is definitely a great place to have a fun time, but if you want to be in peace and independent then maybe you want to visit Liberty. I would definitely think twice about going to Liberty again. Miami is the place I rather be at and never would leave again unless another city is the same. How to cite Compare or Contrast, Papers

Good vs. Evil Rock and Hip Hop free essay sample

The government says the song is prejudicial to the safety of the Tate. George Michaels single l Want Your Sex is removed from the play lists of radio stations in Pittsburgh, New Orleans, Cincinnati, Minneapolis, Denver, and New York, because of its explicit sexual content; the BBC also bans It In Britain. Later that year, heavy metal icon Oozy Osborne Is unsuccessfully sued by the parents off 19- year-old boy who claimed their son committed suicide after listening to Soberness song Suicide Solution.In one of the most famous cases of music censorship, police in Dade County, Florida set up a sting to arrest three retailers selling copies of a cord by 2 Live Crew to children under the age of 18, in 1990. Objections to 2 Live Crew started with the break-thru of their hit Me So Horny. Similar prosecutions regarding 2 Live Crew record sales happen In Alabama and Tennessee. No prosecutions result In standing convictions. Members of 2 Live Crew were also prosecuted for performing the material live In concert. Soon after, the members of NNW received letter from the F.B. I stating that the agency did not approve of the lyrics to their song Buck the Police. (www. Classiness. Com) However we as viewers of the media must keep in mind that there are always two sides to a story. On speaking of monopolizing the Hip Hop Generation, writer Jesse Alexandra Cottrell of wiretap states: To anyone who watches MET all day where P. Oddly, Jag Rule and Newly dominate the screen flashing fancy cars, gold chains and an entourage of scantily clad women political empowerment and hip-hop may seem like conflicting terms.But hip-hop has been political in nature since its birth in the youth subculture of the Bronx during the late asses. Unfortunately what started out as a gritty portrayal of what was really happening on the streets has been perverted in less than two decades into a seemingly endless supply of high-paid corporate clowns aping about little more than the fact that theyre rich. Today, mainstream hip-hop Is worse than apolitical It has become a tool to oppress and distract an inure generation of youth, especially youth of color. Monopolizing the Hip Hop Generation, by Jesse Alexandra Cottrell, Wiretap) However, how can we as viewers speak of the affects a culture has on our society and children, when we look to media practitioners to provide us with what is going on in our generation, whether it being the Hip Hop or Rock culture, the media has always either being negative or positive. In the book Popular Music and Society author Brian Longhorns discusses the media coverage surrounding the suicide of Kurt Cabin incorporated themes of authenticity and mass culture.Explaining the rapid sale of Cabins group Nirvanas music and other related goods. As a result then turning him into an icon, when he clearly was a victim of drugs and alcohol with lyrics that were often viewed as having a negative approach on his young audience (Longhorns 110). As a result of the information that that was provided earlier in the essay as to negative lyrics and such things within both the Hip Hop and Rock music culture, and its stron g effects on society. This paper intends to display the bias opinion of media, through recordings and television, when it comes to music of Hip Hop and Rock.Within it we will work to look at the negativity that surrounds both cultures and the approach the media takes. Throughout the last few years we have witnessed random acts of violence due to the content of rap and rock lyrics, however, Hip Hop music often receives more negative media coverage than that of rock. This paper will illustrate that although both Hip Hop and Rock culture contain harmful and discriminating lyrics and have a negative approach on our society. Music of Hip Hop s typically scrutinized because it is considered rebellious where as Rock music is considered mainstream and American music.According to Curtis Blow, Hip Hop pioneer, book Curtis Blow Presents: The History of Rap, Volvo. L, he stated: In the early asses a musical genre was born in the crime- ridden neighborhoods of the South Bronx. Gifted teenagers with plenty of imagination but little cash began to forge a new style from spare parts. Hip-hop, as it was then known, was a product of pure streetwise ingenuity; extracting rhythms and melodies from existing records and mixing them up with searing poetry chronicling fi fe in the hood, hip-hop spilled out of the ghetto. From the housing projects hip-hop poured onto the streets and subways, taking root in Bronx clubs like the Savoy Manor Ballroom, Ecstasy Garage, Club 371, The Disco Fever, and the T-Connection. From there it spread downtown to the Renaissance Ballroom, Hotel Diplomat, the Rosy, and The Fun House. It migrated to Los Angles, where a whole West Coast hip-hop scene developed, sporting its own musical idiosyncrasies, its own wild style. Through television shows like B. E. Its Rap City and You! MET Raps and a succession of Hollywood ivies, hip-hop gained millions of new fans across America, in places far removed from the genres Bronx roots.It spread to Europe, Asia, Africa, and nearly every continent on Earth, gaining more cultural significance as the years rolled by. Today it is one of the most potent and successful musical forms of the 20th Century (Blow 23). Incarnate encyclopedia then goes on to say: During the mid-asses, rap moved from the fringes to the mainstream of the American music industry as white musicians began to embrace the new style. In 1986 rap reached the top ten on the Billboard pop charts with (You Goat) Fight for Your Right (To Party! ) by the Beastie Boys and Walk This Way by Run-DIM and Aerostatic.Known for incorporating rock music into its raps, Run-DIM became one of the first rap groups to be featured regularly on MET (Music Television). Also during the mid-asses, the first female rap group of consequence, Salt-N-Peep, released the singles The Show Stoops (1985) and Push It (1987); Push It reached the top 20 politicized, resulting in the most overt social agenda in popular music since the urban folk movement of the asses. The groups Public Enemy and Boogie Down Productions epitomized this political style of rap.Public En emy came to prominence with their second album, It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back (1988), and the theme song Fight the Power from the motion picture Do the Right Thing (1989), by African American filmmaker Spike Lee. Proclaiming the importance of rap in black American culture, Public Enemys lead rapper, Chuck D, referred to it as the black CNN (Cable News Network). Alongside the rise of political rap came the introduction of gangs rap, which attempts to depict an outlaw lifestyle of sex, drugs, and gang violence in inner city America. In 1988 the Southern California rap group Inning withAttitude (N. W. A) released Straight Auto Compton, the first major album of gangs rap. Songs from the album generated an extraordinary amount of controversy for their violent images and inspired protests from a number of organizations, including the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation). However, attempts to censor gangs rap only served to publicize the music and make it more attractive to both black and white youths. N. W. A became a platform for launching the solo careers of some of the most influential rappers and rap producers in the gangs style, including Dry.Deer, Ice Cube, and Easy-E. In the asses rap became increasingly eclectic, demonstrating a seemingly limitless capacity to draw samples from any and all musical forms. A number of rap artists have borrowed from Jazz, using samples as well as live music. Some of the most influential Jazz-rap recordings include Samizdat (1993), an album by Boston rapper Guru, and Cantaloupe (Flip Fantasia) (1993), a single by the British group ISIS. In the United Kingdom, Jazz-rap evolved into a genre known as trip-hop, the most prominent artists and groups being Tricky and Massive Attack.As rap became increasingly part of the American mainstream in the asses, political rap came less prominent while gangs rap, as epitomized by the Get Boys, Snoop Doggy Dog, Biggie Smalls (The Notorious B. I. G. ), Tuba Shaker, and Puff Daddy (P. Daddy) grew in popularity. In the late asses some reappearances as Master P in New Orleans, Louisiana, and Puff Daddy in New York Cityscape entrepreneurs as well, starting highly successful record labels as well as myriad spin-off companies. Popular rappers as the 21st century began included Jay-Z, Jag Rule, Eve, Mine, Outcast, and Mystical (Rap, Microsoft Incarnate Online Encyclopedia 2005) Many musicologists live that Chuck Berry invented rock and roll in 1955 and many say that Berry was a black man Just playing black music. However, times had changed. According to Pier Scarify, a poet, historian and freethinker, he states: White kids were listening to rhythm and blues throughout the Northeast, and white musicians were playing rhythm and blues side to side with country music.The music industry soon understood that there was a white market for black music and social prejudice, racial barriers, could nothing against the forces of capitalism. Rock and roll was an overnight success. The music industry promoted white idols such as Elvis Presley, but the real heroes were the likes of Chuck Berry, who better symbolize the synergy between the performer and the audience. The black rockers, and a few white rockers, epitomized th e youths rebellious mood, their need for a soundtrack to their dreams of ant conformism. Their impact was long lasting, but their careers were short lived. Angers, such as Presley, who often performed songs composed by obscure black musicians, inherited rock and roll. White rockers became gentler and gentler, thereby drowning rock and rolls very reason to exist. Buddy Holly was the foremost white rocker of the late Fifties, while cross-pollination with country music led to the vocal harmonies of the Overly Brothers and to the instrumental rock of Dunn Eddy. The deaths of the Doors Jim Morrison, of Janis Joplin, of Jim Hendrix and countless others, sort of cooled down the booming phenomenon.After the excesses of the mid Sixties, a more peaceful way to rock Bob Dylan and others had already proposed nirvana when they rediscovered country music. And country-rock became one of the fads of the Seventies, yielding successful bands such as the Eagles. Reggae came a mainstream genre thanks to Bob Marble. Funk became even more absurd and experimental with George Silicons bands. Hard rock begat heavy metal, that soon became a genre of its own (Blue Oyster Cult, Kiss, Aerostatic, AC/DC, Rush, Journey, Van Helen). The Seventies were mostly a quiet age, devoid of the neurasthenic of the Sixties.At the turn of the decade, the main musical phenomenon was the emergence of a new generation of singer songwriters that were the direct consequence of the previous generations intellectual ambitions. Leonard Cohen, Tim Buckley, Nice, Lou Reed, Todd Rendered, Join Mitchell, Neil Young, Tom Waits, and the most famous of all, Bruce Springiness, established a musical persona that unites the classical composer and the folksinger. (History of Rock Music, Scarify) The violence in much of rap music was said to be an outgrowth of two different cultures, one on the West Coast and the other on the East Coast. In the east the birth of gangs rap was attributed to gang violence between African American, Afro- Caribbean and Latin gangs in New York. Rather than engage in self-destructive violence, rappers began to fight their battles through rap music (Mikhail, 1998). Still others, such as rapper Curtis Blow, argue that East coast rap was mild and that more violent gangs rap rose up directly from the urban ghettos of the west coast: Well, at first rap was fun. It was something that we did as a means of expression in the early days of rap. And then it Just progressed.Each time a rapper would come out, he felt he would have to outdo the next one. Any they started getting harder and harder. The lyrics became more street oriented. And it was slandering you know, you had the West Coast come into the picture, and thats when the lyrics really became ally hard and a lot of profanity and they were Just kicking lyrics from the ghetto and from a ghetto mentality, and thats where gangs rap started. (Blow, 1997) However, we cannot begin to understand gangs rap or violence in Hip Hop music until we take a look at a few lyrics.In the 1994 critically acclaimed album Ready To Die, late rapper Notorious B. I. G speaks about robbing individuals, slapping children and thoughts of killing himself. One of the many lyrics that stand out of course is that of his record Game The Loot, in which he plays the role of two robbers plotting to attack several people. With lyrics such as; Then Im dipping up the block and Im robbing bitched too up the herring bones and bamboos I wouldnt give buck if youre pregnant what many would see as a lure to the youth telling them that stealing and robbing individuals is okay to do.However, what many fail to see is that violence in predominantly black urban areas is something that was present before Hip Hop music was born. Another example of degradation and violence in Hip Hop music is that of the controversial West Coast group of N. W. A, better known as Insignias With Attitude. With lyrics from there controversial 1992 hit, Buck That Police many politicians, police officers and citizens were outraged at the fact that individuals were denouncing police departments and officers, especially the corrupt LAPPED force. Lyrics such as: But take off the gun so you can see whats up And well go at it punk, and Im buck you up!Make you think Im kick your ass but drop your gate, and Rents goanna blast Im sneaky as buck when it comes to crime But Im smoke me now and not next time Smoke any motherhoods that sweats me or any gasohol, that threatens me Im a sniper with a hell off scope Taking out a cop or two, they cant cope with me (N. W. A, 1993) Although many didnt realize that they were Just young men speaking of the violence going on throughout their communities, which were initiated by the people that were supposed to be protecting them, police officers.Various politicians interpreted as gang violence and rappers encouraging violence. What we need to realize is about Hip Hop music is that while it has been accused of celebrating gang violence, it is also accurate reportage (Gibbs, 2000). Another issue that has haunted Hip Hop music nice its inception is the defamation of women frequently evident in Hip Hop lyrics. With artists from the late Tuba Shaker and Notorious B. I. G to that of Snoop Dog and Too Short, misogynous Hip Hop lyrics typically have spoken of the conquest of women, who are often called Whos and Bitched or often referred to as animals or objects.An example of this is would be Atlanta based group DEL, where in there lyrics they tell women to Shake your Leafy Daffy and refer to them as candy and other edible objects. Where we have Just taken a look at how Hip Hop lyrics contain violence and adult intent that have not been suitable to youth and have stirred up controversy. There have been many instances in Rock Music that their artist lyrics have been considered somewhat satanic and have had a negative influence on society. While examining Hip Hop lyrics many believed and saw the music of Hip Hop to contain violence, misogynous lyrics and profanity.Many critics believe that Rock music contains references to Satan and the occult.. According to the book Controversies of the Music Industry, it gave some examples of band names and album titles that had satanic references, such as: 0 The Conjuring by Megalith Highway to Hell by AC/DC 0 Anti-Christ Superstar by Marilyn Manson 0 Sabbath, Bloody Sabbath by Black Sabbath With Black Metal pioneers, a submerge of Rock music, such as Black Sabbath, Oozy Osborne, Led Zeppelin and Marilyn Manson, many have come to fear it because many feel as though it too closely resembles neo-Nazism hatred of organized religions.However, one cannot say this without examples of offensive lyrics and what many believe to be the results of them. One of which took place on December 23rd, 1985, Raymond Bellman and his friend, James Vance, shot them selves in a suicide act. Bellman died immediately from the gunshot wounds, but his friend survived. Vance was left horribly disfigured and died three years later from his injuries. Both had been listening to the Judas Priest album Stained Class bef ore the incident (Vance v.Judas Priest). Wake the dead, the saints are in Hell Wake the dead, theyve come for the bell Dudes Priest, 2001) Another example an act that many believe was committed due to the content of Rock music is that of John Daniel McCollum. On October 26th, 1984, nineteen-year-old McCollum shot himself in the right temple with a . 2 caliber handgun while lying in his bed listening Speak of the Devil from Oozy Soberness album, Diary off Madman (McCollum et al. V. CBS, Inc. , and John Oozy Osborne, 1988).With lyrics such as: Screaming at the window Watch me die another day Hopeless situation endless price I have to pay Sanity now its beyond me theres no choice (Diary off Madman, 1981) Many felt that there was probable cause to charge Osborne and CBS Records, claiming the music caused the youths suicide. However, the court noted that the parents did not provide an evidence to show such an effect. It can not be said that there was a close injection between Johns Death and defendants composition, performance, production and distribution years earlier of recorded artistic musical expressions.Likewise, no moral blame for that tragedy may be laid at defendants door (McCollum et al. V. CBS, Inc. , and John Oozy Osborne, 1988, p. 1005) With looking at lyrics from two different genres that have both prompted acts of violence, contained profanity and denigrate women, we must realize that we only understand and react to what the media shows us. So often the media has portrayed these two genres that are alike in many ways in two very different lights.Of course, we have taken a look at different lyrics from both Rock and Hip Hop music; however, we must be reminded that there is very much a big line of separation between these unique genres. For as little time that Hip Hop music has existed it has stirred up many controversy from that of being attacked by The National Political Congress of Black Women to rappers such as 50 Cent being banned in countries like Canada for the controversial lyrics an talks of violence.However, to many it seems as though Rock music, which is, Just as violent and has made reference to Satan and suicide, as not been as targeted by the media as Hip Hop music has. According to the book Controversies of the Music Industry: It is not uncommon for rap music to sound as if it condones gang welfare, violence directed at police, use of drugs and treatment of women as objects rather than being human beings. It must be noted, however, that anti-social themes such as anger toward police, use of drugs, and treatment of women as sex objects is not unique to rap music.The rock bands Rage Against the Machine and their fans have consistently channels known for rock and pop rather than rap, frequently portrays women as sex objects (Controversies of the Music Industry 159) Also, with the previous examples of suicide and deaths that many believed were as a result to Rock music lyrics, these artists have still gone on to sell millions of records and toured the world, when Hip Hop artists, are being condemned for speaking of the violence and issues within our society. Thus showing that Rock music will always be looked at as American music, where as Hip Hop music is the catalyst in which the media and recording companies make there money, by which portraying Hip Hop music in a negative light. The media and record companies, want there audience to buy the tales of Hip Hop music of bitched, blunts, beat downs and AK-sass. Once this credibility is established, then white owned companies can market young black men, women and Hip Hop culture in the rebel light, to the voyeuristic suburban white teens that keep the entertainment industry buoyant.Rappers resent tidbit the dollars keep flowing (Morris, 2000). In conclusion, it is fair to say that both Rock and Hip Hop music have had strong influences on our culture and society that they have lyrics that demote women and notation violence, and have been portrayed negatively in society. Hip Hop music has been targeted more as a genre within the media. Although Rock music has been looked at as satanic and cul t like, it is still put on a pedestal and considered mainstream American music. Throughout the last three decades Hip Hop music has played as a major voice for the youth of our inner city communities, but the violence that Hip Hop artist have tried to illustrate to the masses and make us aware of what is going on in the ghettos; has now been looked at as a marketing ploy, therefore retorting in a negative light than that of a positive one. Upon the deaths on both Tuba Shaker and The Notorious B. I. G, the media instead of trying to shed a positive light on these two phenomenal individuals, instead focused it as being East Coast vs..West Coast, and blaming these two rappers deaths on the content of the music. On the other hand, the parents of the young teens who killed themselves while listening to demonic and what many consider cult-like music, by Rock artists, which spoke of suicide as a way out of life or problems when there was nothing else, in a way that made it okay. Thus making it seem as though these teenagers killed themselves because of their own mental issues and no blame can go to the lyrics of Rock music.

Sonnet 138 by William Shakespeare Essay Example

Sonnet 138 by William Shakespeare Paper I will be looking at the Sonnet by Elizabeth Barrett Browning, and Sonnet 138 by William Shakespeare, I will be comparing and contrasting these two poems, looking specifically looking at Imagery, the Poets message as well as the use of sonnet form. Elizabeth Barrett was born at Coxhoe Hall, Durham, England. Elizabeth was educated at home, learning Greek, Latin, and several modern languages at an early age. In 1819, her father arranged for the printing of one of her poems (she was 13 at the time. ). She lived in Italy for most of the rest of her life with her lover Robert Browning; once they became married she became known as Barrett Browning. William Shakespeare ranks as perhaps the most famous writer in the history of English literature. Shakespeare employed poetry and verse within his dramatic comedies, tragedies, and histories, and he also composed notable individual poems. His poems include a series of 154 sonnets, unusually arranged as three quatrains and a couplet; the development was original enough for it to become known as the Shakespearian sonnet. Sonnet 18 (recited by an actor) comes from The Sonnets of Shakespeare (printed in 1609). Both of the writers had a lot of events to draw inspiration from; Shakespeare had the Great fire of London, the Spanish armada, the crusades and the Globe theatre, where as Barrett Browning had the American civil war, the 100 year war and the likes of Rossetti, Tennyson and Hawthorne. A sonnet is a lyric poem of 14 lines with a formal rhyme scheme, expressing different aspects of a single thought, mood, or feeling, resolved or summed up in the last lines of the poem. We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnet 138 by William Shakespeare specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnet 138 by William Shakespeare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnet 138 by William Shakespeare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Originally short poems accompanied by mandolin or lute music, sonnets are generally composed in the standard metre of the language in which they were written-iambic pentameter in English, the Alexandrine in French The two main forms of the sonnet are the Petrarchan, or Italian, and the English, or Shakespearean. The former probably developed from the stanza form of the canzone or from Italian folk song. The earliest known Italian sonneteer was Guittone dArezzo. The form reached its peak with the Italian poet Petrarch, whose Canzoniere (c. 1327) includes 317 sonnets addressed to his beloved Laura. Among Petrarchs followers, who established the sonnet tradition in their countries, were his countryman Torquato Tasso; Luis de Cami es in Portugal; and Pierre de Ronsard, Joachim du Bellay, and other members of the French group known as the Pli iade. The sonnet form was also introduced into the literature of the Slavic countries. Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, are credited with introducing the sonnet into England with translations of Italian sonnets as well as with sonnets of their own. The Petrarchan sonnet consists of an octave, or eight-line stanza, and a sestet, or six-line stanza. The octave has two quatrains, rhyming a b b a, a b b a; the first quatrain presents the theme, the second develops it. The sestet is built on two or three different rhymes, arranged either c d e c d e, or c d c d c d, or c d e d c e; the first three lines exemplify or reflect on the theme, and the last three lines bring the whole poem to a unified close. Among great examples of the Petrarchan sonnet in the English language are Sir Philip Sidneys sonnet sequence Astrophel and Stella (1591), which established the form in England. There, in the Elizabethan age, it reached the peak of its popularity. The English sonnet, exemplified by the work of Shakespeare or Edmund Spensers Amoretti (1595), developed as an adaptation to a language less rich in rhymes than Italian. This form differs from the Petrarchan in being divided into three quatrains, each rhymed differently, with a final, independently rhymed couplet that makes an effective, unifying climax to the whole. The rhyme scheme is a b a b, c d c d, e f e f, g g. Barrett Browning uses neither of the two styles completely; she opted for a Hybrid style of her own design, which followed some of each of the two styles formatting but not all. Shakespeares sonnet is a classic Shakespearian sonnet which follows all of the rules of the style of sonnet. Both poets used their own choice of sonnet form to a great affect, to represent their own particular sonnet, however I believe that Shakespeare gets his thoughts and emotions across much more effectively than Barrett Browning, as he has, I believe spent more time on the wording rather than deciding how to lay out the sonnet. Both of the Poets are talking to us about love, they both have had obvious experiences with love and the loss of love in their lives, which is what makes these sonnets really hard to decipher. On one hand you have Barrett Browning who has lost her brother in an accident, and then found true love in Robert, whilst on the other you have Shakespeare who has a strong love for a woman who lies to him thinking him unable to know when she is lying, but him understanding and then deciding to lie back to make her feel comfortable inside. They both talk about how you should be with the person that you love no matter what obstacles lay in your way, because true love conquers all. I believe that Barrett Brownings sonnet has got the most imagery in it as it comes from the heart and therefore is most meaningful, but you cannot talk about love in just words, you have to be able to represent your feelings with actions or images, I believe that Barrett Browning does this perfectly, where she says I love thee to the depth, and breadth and height my soul can reach which is saying that you cannot even begin to measure the amount of her love as you cannot measure the depth, breadth and height that her soul can reach because only she knows that specific distance and she knows that it goes on forever. I do not think that Shakespeare uses imagery at all in the sonnet, as it is not the sort of thing that a male would find particularly easy to do, I should know I am one after all. The reason I think that Barrett Browning is the most effective with the imagery is because she is female and females generally find it a lot easier to talk about how they feel, even if they do have a tendency to talk in code. So in conclusion they both are talking about different types of love, but they both have the same underlining meaning, they both are telling us that love, gods most sacred gift to us must be cherished and above all, we should never take what we have for granted, and always try to think of those we love, and how what we are doing or about to do is going to effect them. I believe that the better sonnet is by far Elizabeth Barrett Brownings as she uses all of her emotions to convey her message, and it shines through, showing the better poet.

Death of a Salesman Script Essays

Death of a Salesman Script Essays Death of a Salesman Script Essay Death of a Salesman Script Essay Essay Topic: Death Of a Salesman LINDA: I don’t think he fell asleep. HAPPY: No kidding! LINDA: I know and sure enough, on the bottom of the water heater there’s a new little nipple on the gas pipe. HAPPY:(angrily) That - jerk. BIFF: Did you have it taken off? LINDA: Every day I go down and take away that little rubber pipe. But, when he comes home, I put it back where it was. How can I insult him that way? I don’t know what to do. (She is bent over in the chair, weeping, her face in her hands. ) Biff, I swear to God! Biff, his life is in your hands! HAPPY (to Biff): How do you like that damned fool! BIFF (kissing her): All right, pal, all right. It’s all settled now. I’ve been remiss. I know that, Mom. But now I’ll stay, and I swear to you. (Kneeling in front of her, in a fever of self-reproach. ) It’s just - you see, Mom, I don’t fit in business. But I’ll try, and I’ll make good. HAPPY: Sure you will. The trouble with you in business was you never tried to please people. BIFF: I don’t care what they think! They’ve laughed at Dad for years, and you know why? Because we don’t belong in this nuthouse of a city! We should be mixing cement on some open plain or - or carpenters. A carpenter is allowed to whistle! a willy msuk lg smbil ndgerin, nyaut WILLY: Even your grandfather was better than a carpenter. Pause. They watch him. ) You never grew up. Bernard does not whistle in the elevator, I assure you. BIFF (as though to laugh Willy out of it): Yeah, but you do, Pop. WILLY: I never in my life whistled in an elevator! And who in the business world thinks I’m crazy? BIFF: I didnâ €™t mean it like that, Pop. Now don’t make a whole thing out of it, will ya? WILLY: Go back to the West! Be a carpenter, a cowboy, enjoy yourself! LINDA: Willy, he was just saying WILLY: I heard what he said! HAPPY (trying to quiet Willy): Hey, Pop, come on now WILLY: Why do you always insult me? BIFF: I didn’t say a word. (To Linda. ) Did I say a word? LINDA: He didn’t say anything, Willy. WILLY: (going to the doorway of the living room): All right, good night, good night. LINDA (ngmong ke biff+happy): What’d you have to start that for? (Biff turns away. ) You see how sweet he was as soon as you talked hopefully? (She goes over to Biff. ) Come up and say good night to him. Don’t let him go to bed that way. HAPPY: Come on, Biff, let’s buck him up. LINDA: Please, dear. Just say good night. It takes so little to make him happy. Come. (She goes through the living room doorway, calling upstairs from within the living room. ) Your pajamas are hanging in the bathroom, Willy!

International Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

International Finance - Essay Example This is a clean product currency procedure. In the 18th century product, money schemes became challenging because there was a deficiency of silver and this organization steadily provided way to a structure where paper currency issued by a domineering bank was reinforced by gold (Staiger, 2006). Therefore, the impression was that money’s worth could be articulated in terms of a quantified component of gold. Therefore we may say that a component of paper money a dollar note may be value x granules of gold (Staiger, 2006). Gold was also reflected to be the standard method of creating intercontinental payments. Therefore, as trade extended, inequities in commerce result from and this demanded that gold be moved between countries (in boats) to account these inequalities. Trade discrepancy nations had to transport gold to exchange surplus nations. (Steinberg, 2002). This introduction of gold would permit the administration to increase the money stock since they consumed more gold to reverse the exchange. This development was in exact amount to the set worth of the gold in terms of granules of gold (Simmons, 2002). Increasing currency supply would drive contrary to the price increases barrier, which would eventually render transfers less appealing to foreign person and the exterior discrepancy, would decrease (Simmons, 2002).

Research and prepare a report about how the application of Essay

Research and prepare a report about how the application of gravitational concepts has helped astronomers - Essay Example and even how to calculate the mass of the sun without travelling to them but through application of gravitational laws (Topper, 2012).They have discovered gravitation lensing and even determined the mass of galaxies. More to this is the discovery of Massive Compact Hallo Objects (MACHOs), primarily recognized as brown dwarf stars while some are regarded as black holes (Kyle, 2010). These and others are examples of discoveries that the astronomers have aided by the application of the gravitational concepts. Through gravitational concepts, astronomers have been able to discover the cosmic microwaves whereby in 2002, a team led by Dr. Kovac discovered the polarization of these microwave radiations (Kyle, 2010). Gravitational waves that are produced as a result of moving masses like those of stars or black holes normally described as ‘ripples in space-time’ have been discovered by the astronomers by the use of interferometers which detects these slight changes in space-time (Topper, 2012). Understanding the gravitational waves has helped the astronomers in explaining certain events such as the birth of black holes and the death of stars. They can therefore be able to tell how the universe began as well as what the future holds for us. This has been aided by application of gravitation concepts by astronomers (Longair, 1986) Gravitation lensing is another thing that astronomers have discovered as a result of understanding the gravitational concepts. This is bending of the light rays by a mass object extending far in the sky, which causes these light rays to be focused somewhere else through its gravitational field (Morison, 2008). According to the research done, the greater the quantity of the body, the sturdier the gravitational field created and thus the greater the bending of these light rays will be. Lensing has been useful in verifying the existence of dark matter which is the determinant of how clusters and galaxies form and develop. Astronomers have

The Emergence od Peace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Emergence od Peace - Essay Example The most significant reason that made him the most remarkable pope in the Christian history was due to the fact that called for developing the ecumenical council i.e. Vatican II. Based on the formation of Vatican II council, the classic Church practices significantly altered by means of new ecumenism and liturgy. Furthermore, Pope John XXIII has an important contribution in the Christian history, as he kept his view towards addressing the fact that was of high importance to Catholics worldwide. Additionally, restriction to use contraceptives was also regarded as his strong view, as it was claimed that it interferes the procreative will of God. Apparently, he continuously worked towards supporting the traditional viewpoint, which affirmed that married couples should not be divorced. Moreover, his work contributes towards protecting the Church scandal issues. Nevertheless, his contribution towards negotiating peace between Soviet Union and the US is also worth mentioning (Papal Encycli cals Online, â€Å"Encyclical of Pope John XXIII promulgated April 11, 1963†). Pope John XXIII’s encyclical ‘Pacem in Terris’ or rather the ‘Peace on Earth’ proposed during the year 1963 has have a fundamental impact over the Catholic social teaching during the period of war and peace. Additionally, the encyclical proposed by John XXIII during the cold war affirmed to have a dramatic appeal to maintain the decorum of peace among the world leading nations. Moreover, the principle ‘Pacem in Terris’ plays an important role in promoting the church-state relations, rights of the women, religious freedom and dealing with the other major issues. Besides, the encyclical’s state the norms of peace and maintains the intrinsic dignity of every person. Additionally, the impact was seen in the principle to maintain the religious freedom, equitable rights for the weaker section

African American Influences On American Popular Music Cultural Studies Essay

African American Influences On American Popular Music Cultural Studies Essay These days, its not uncommon to hear the fusion of different styles of music. In fact, American music is more integrated than before and showcases different music from around the world. Melding different styles of music was popularly done as early as the twentieth century with the growth of American popular music. One style of music that had major influence on popular music was African American music. At the time, American popular music was burgeoning with different styles of music; each style was distinct in its own right with different rhythms, melodies, textures, and performance styles. From 1930 to 1970, popular music can be traced to black music of the nineteenth and twentieth century as evidenced by the metric organization, scales, instruments, and performing styles that originated from African music. By recapitulating the influences of African American music on popular music, the impact that black music has had on various musical genres is shown. African American music was brought by slaves to the Americas and later adapted to European styles. Later, African American music would incorporate highly syncopated music and the features of ragtime. These features set the stage for more music to be created, and in time many of the characteristics of black music were embedded into other musical genres. In particular, the 1930s-1940s Big Band era; 1930s country music; 1950s-1960s rock, used observable components of African American music. The music was not only influenced by the musical structure of black music, but by the performing styles of musicians. To adopt many of the African-American features, many musicians of the time had to re-invent or improvise the old with something new. These components lead up to the merging of different styles with African-American music. For many people, jazz is pleasant and enjoyable. One of the reasons it is because there are so many different sounds that come together to form this music. In the Big Band era of the 1930s, jazz, or swing, had become popular and incorporated the African elements of syncopation and riffs. Riffs, rhythms, and syncopations are just a few characteristics of African American influence on virtually all music, and jazz music in particular took this influence to a different level. (Campbell 70). What changed was that previously, in the early nineteenth century, ragtime was essentially syncopated music but was more in accordance with marching and piano music. Jazz is highly improvisational, which give way to more sounds and changes in rhythm, melody, and texture. The structure and metric organization of the jazz band was also influenced by African American music. In no other musical genre can one find the call and response style of music that was originated from African American music, and many genres have since borrowed from this method. Many jazz bands used call and response between the players and their instruments. This made the music much livelier, adding to the energy created by the fast- paced flow of jazz that appeared in the twentieth century. Four-beat counts were used in jazz music characteristic of black music in the earlier part of the twentieth century. This was the main foundation for jazz which also used percussions found in ragtime and African drum dance. Country music in the 1930s was a whole different style of music. It prominently featured singers accompanied by simple chords, melodies, stanza forms, and topics. (online). It did however, have understated influences that can be traced back to African-American music. One of the most obvious influences is the use of the banjo, an instrument from Africa used by African Americans during slavery. The banjo has mistakenly been attributed to Western culture and identified in country music despite the fact that it originated in Africa. The delivery of songs in country was inspired by the blues, gospel, and spiritual songs. Jimmie Rodgers, known for his vocal style, used the style of blues throughout a lot of his music, the musical texture of the Carter Family was touched by gospel vocals and harmonies (online), and Hank Williams tragic songs were undoubtedly inspired by the spiritual songs and blues sung by African Americans. Many of these singing styles, textures, instrumentation set the s tandard for country music, aiding in the course of its span in popular music. The 1960s and 1970s music had a different feel to it. Various social, political, and technological movements helped advance music. Rock was not just white music, but black were widely responsible for developing rock music, although met with some oppositions. African Americans influenced a degree of rock music during the 1960s and 1970s, and here is where you can see how singing and performing styles were adopted by the musicians. For example, Elvis Presley was known for having a black feel to his music and performance. He was very popular but was criticized for his true contributions to rock n roll. Many of the songs during that time were cover songs of black musicians, who because of little mainstream acceptance, did not receive the credit they deserved. Although music certainly is about different origins, sounds, and functionalities, it is interesting to see that one style of music has served universally to change the whole landscape of music. Since Africans had to develop their own ways of communicating and celebrating since the beginning of time, these people possibly held the key to a fruitful point of departure for all of music today. We are well on our way to continue this pattern borrowing and influencing music to form new music that is by people all around the world.

Essay on the Metamorphosis of Fitzwilliam Darcy in Pride and Prejudice

The Metamorphosis of Fitzwilliam Darcy in Pride and Prejudice    Introduced to Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice as a good-looking, self-absorbed aristocrat, Fitzwilliam Darcy experiences a change in his personality and character.   Falling in love was what Darcy needed in order to dispose of his existent views on marriage and money.   Although Mr. Darcy was well mannered, he did not know how to treat women with respect, especially those of a lower social status than he.   However, the love of Elizabeth Bennet changed his behavior forever.    Darcy's arrogance shines through at the beginning of the novel in his first appearance at the Meryton ball.   Speaking of Elizabeth Bennet, he so snobbishly set forth that she was, "...tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me" (230).   His feelings of superiority to the people of the town lend Mr. Darcy to be judged as a man with a repulsive and atrocious personality.   The women, who had found him dashingly handsome at first appearance, deemed him a man unworthy of marriage because he offered no positive qualities other than wealth and physical attractiveness.   Not only did Darcy refuse a dance with Elizabeth, but he made it apparent that no woman in the room met his standards of a suitable woman stating that, "...there is not another woman in this room, whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with" (229).   Mr. Darcy is concerned only with the wealth and social standing of the people in the beginning of the novel and will not even communicate with the p eople of the town as they are lower than him and undeserving of his presence.   However, as the novel continues on, Darcy becomes more and more accepting of the Bennet family, which he had formerly thought of as nothing ... ...ce.   Ed. Donald Gray.   New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996. Hennelly, Jr., Mark M. "Pride and Prejudice." Jane Austen: New Perspectives. ed. Janet Todd. New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc., 1983. Jane Austen Info Page. Henry Churchyard. U of Texas, Austin. 23 Nov. 2000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   <http://www.pemberly.com/janeinfo/janeinfo/html>. Monaghan, David.   Jane Austen Structure and Social Vision.   New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1980. Poplawski, Paul.   A Jane Austen Encyclopedia.   Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1998. Reidhead, Julia, ed. Norton Anthology of English Literature vol. 7, 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2000. Ward, David Allen. "Pride and Prejudice." Explicator. 51.1: (1992). Wright, Andrew H. "Feeling and Complexity in Pride and Prejudice." Ed. Donald Gray. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 410-420. Essay on the Metamorphosis of Fitzwilliam Darcy in Pride and Prejudice The Metamorphosis of Fitzwilliam Darcy in Pride and Prejudice    Introduced to Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice as a good-looking, self-absorbed aristocrat, Fitzwilliam Darcy experiences a change in his personality and character.   Falling in love was what Darcy needed in order to dispose of his existent views on marriage and money.   Although Mr. Darcy was well mannered, he did not know how to treat women with respect, especially those of a lower social status than he.   However, the love of Elizabeth Bennet changed his behavior forever.    Darcy's arrogance shines through at the beginning of the novel in his first appearance at the Meryton ball.   Speaking of Elizabeth Bennet, he so snobbishly set forth that she was, "...tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me" (230).   His feelings of superiority to the people of the town lend Mr. Darcy to be judged as a man with a repulsive and atrocious personality.   The women, who had found him dashingly handsome at first appearance, deemed him a man unworthy of marriage because he offered no positive qualities other than wealth and physical attractiveness.   Not only did Darcy refuse a dance with Elizabeth, but he made it apparent that no woman in the room met his standards of a suitable woman stating that, "...there is not another woman in this room, whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with" (229).   Mr. Darcy is concerned only with the wealth and social standing of the people in the beginning of the novel and will not even communicate with the p eople of the town as they are lower than him and undeserving of his presence.   However, as the novel continues on, Darcy becomes more and more accepting of the Bennet family, which he had formerly thought of as nothing ... ...ce.   Ed. Donald Gray.   New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996. Hennelly, Jr., Mark M. "Pride and Prejudice." Jane Austen: New Perspectives. ed. Janet Todd. New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc., 1983. Jane Austen Info Page. Henry Churchyard. U of Texas, Austin. 23 Nov. 2000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   <http://www.pemberly.com/janeinfo/janeinfo/html>. Monaghan, David.   Jane Austen Structure and Social Vision.   New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1980. Poplawski, Paul.   A Jane Austen Encyclopedia.   Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1998. Reidhead, Julia, ed. Norton Anthology of English Literature vol. 7, 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2000. Ward, David Allen. "Pride and Prejudice." Explicator. 51.1: (1992). Wright, Andrew H. "Feeling and Complexity in Pride and Prejudice." Ed. Donald Gray. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 410-420.

Book Report Format Essay

Topic Format: I.Introduction a.Answer the following questions about the story: i.What is the book’s plot? (provide a short summary) ii.What is the author’s name and personal background? iii.Which other books or stories have they written or co-written? iv.Why did you choose this book? v.Upon finishing it, did the book meet your expectations? II.Body a.Explain the following parts of the story: i.Exposition oWhat are the setting, location, and time period of the story? oWho are the main characters of the book? oWhat is the initial mood of the story? ii.Conflict oWhat is the main problem(s) facing the main characters? oHow does the initial problem(s) increase over time? iii.Climax oWhat event(s) is the highest dramatic point of the story? oWhat is the significance of this event(s)? iv.Resolution oHow are the main characters affected by the climax? oHow does this aftermath propel the story towards its conclusion? v.Conclusion oWhat is the fate of the main characters? oHas the main problem been fully resolved? oAre there any lingering issues left behind (â€Å"loose ends†)? III.Conclusion a.Present your final thoughts about the story: i.What did you like best about the book? ii.What did you like least about the book? iii.What is your favorite scene from the book? iv.What is your overall opinion of the book? v.Would you recommend this book to a friend? Why or why not? Deductions: oNot typed / -5 pts oNo title page / -5 pts oNo standard / -5 pts oSeveral spelling or grammar errors / -5 pts oNumerous spelling or grammar errors / -10 pts oNot in MLA format / -5 pts oNot in proper topic format / -10 pts oMissing a topic section / -10pts oIncomplete papers / â€Å"no grade†

The Demise of the essays

The Demise of the essays (NEXT SLIDE) The 1950 ¡s saw the rise of the  ¡traditional ¡ nuclear family, illustrated in television shows like  ¡Ozzie and Harriet ¡ and  ¡Leave it to Beaver ¡. These families redefined society ¡s notions of the household and led to the mistaken view that the 'nuclear family ¡ is the norm. Today many people cling to that view, despite the fact that other varieties of families have risen, like the proverbial phoenix, from the ashes of the Nuclear family. Raise your hand if you currently live with both your biological father and mother. Now leave your hand up if your father is the main breadwinner and your mother the homemaker of the family. You chosen few, whose hands I still see have made your home in the 1950 ¡s institution known as the 'Nuclear Family ¡. Looking around you could be forgiven for thinking that the Nuclear Family was alive and flourishing, but you ¡d be wrong. I am here today to tell you that the 1950 ¡s Nuclear Family in Australia is suff ering a meltdown and is irrelevant to today ¡s society,(PAUSE) however this should not have a detrimental effect on child rearing in Australia. (NEXT SLIDE) The family is perhaps the most important tool for social change, typified by a well-known Confucius saying  ¡The strength of a nation derives from the integrity of the home ¡ (quotegallery.com/asp/apquotes.asp?parent=Family&author=Confucius.) The 1950 ¡s Nuclear Family was a reflection of the social climate of that time. After the hardships of the Great Depression and World War Two, families were eager to embrace a new style of family life. The Mum, Dad and the Kids family found favour in a group of society wishing to escape a time where they were forced to rely on their extended family. This new style of family life shunned the extended families and saw a significant increase in nursing homes as a place to put meddlesome old grandparents. It provided a rock on which children could anchor th...

6,399,322 Ways to Get More Social Media Engagement [PODCAST]

6,399,322 Ways to Get More Social Media Engagement [PODCAST] Have you had the frustrating experience of sending out social media posts only to receive no engagement whatsoever? Most marketers have had this happen, and some have it happen frequently. Today we’re going to be talking to ’s own Nathan Ellering. He’s the head of demand generation here at , and he has conducted a study that allows him to predict how well a particular post will do on any social media platform. Do you want to increase your social media engagement? If so, you won’t want to miss today’s show. Some of the highlights of this episode include: The scoop on and what it is Nathan does here as the head of demand generation. Nathan also shares how big the demand generation team is. Why Nathan took on his research project on which social media posts tend to do well on which platforms and how he evaluated different standards of performance. How the demand generation team uses data to do what works, over and over again. How Nathan went from having massive pile of data to putting it all into motion to work for . Why marketers should focus on content before mechanics. Hints on where to get the inspiration needed to create great content. Nathan explains methods such as PAS (problem-agitate-solve), bridge after bridge, AIDA (attention, interest, desire, action), and the 4 Cs (clear, concise, compelling, credibility). How to use closed-ended questions, controversy, anecdotes, and quotes on social media for maximum engagement. Specific strategies for finding success on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, LinkedIn, and Google+. Nathan’s very best advice on leveling up your social media skills.

Thoughts on the Gallery - Las Vegas Research Paper

Thoughts on the Gallery - Las Vegas - Research Paper Example The reflections of the lights have been made to bring out the red color for richness of color as well as white and gold. This brings out the sun’s natural colors that can be mostly seen during the day when the sun is shining. Therefore, this brings the effect of day time mood when night comes. More and more activities can easily be carried out at night due to the color lighting. The colors that have been mostly used in this fountain represent the excitement colors for the night and coolness colors for the night. Therefore, the colors that have been chosen for this scenery and art work convey and portray what the viewer would expect. It allows for the both the young and the old activities due to the early morning shows and the evening shows. The most exciting concepts from the coloring of the fountains are that, before the show on the fountains of waters begins, light is allowed to illuminate towers that surround the scenery. The colors that are used during this event include t he color purple, for specific types of music or red, blue and white. The colors illuminated have always matched the type of music that is being played. For coolness and calmness, blue and white is used for calm music being played, while the color purple and red used for excitement songs being played. Illumination of the towers brings the attention of the viewer to the beautiful works that the towers provide. Illumination is a key concept for the fountain show as colors is what brings out the effect and feeling that is required for any particular event. The use of shapes in the fountains of Bellagio The fountains of Bellagio have executed the use of shapes in a good way. The shapes vary according to structure intended and the meaning intended for a specific event. The shapes that... It is thus essential to incorporate the colors of nature in any artistic work. This has been evidenced through the artwork of the fountain found in the Bellagio gallery of arts. The colors that are used have equally brought out the intended feel of the fountains. These colors have also been complemented by the shapes that have dominated the fountain scenery. The impressions from the lights have been well blended especially for the night fountain shows and also the day fountain shows. The surroundings of the fountain have very beautiful buildings which come in a variety, hence the best appeal to the environment. More so, the shapes of the surroundings complement each other and the texture that can be painted from this scenery is that of leisure and peaceful events. Therefore, the Bellagio fountains were artistically and well created by the artist. The artist considered all the important factors that are needed when establishing such a gallery of art. This has contributed to more touri sts visiting this leisure ground having a prior knowledge on what exactly they are to expect.

ACCOR Group's Expansion Strategy Research Paper

ACCOR Group's Expansion Strategy - Research Paper Example 8,121 + 6.8 EBITDAR 2,321 11.4 EBITDAR margin 28.6% 1.2 Operating profit Before tax 907 24.8 The growth rates for the company in revenues for year 2007 were as per the following: Revenues + 6.5% Expansion + 4.3% Impacts of the currency (decline of dollar against Euro) - 2.7% Disposals - 1.3% Growth rate + 6.8% Analysis Amnt In m 9000 - 8000 -7000 - 6000 - - 5000 - 4000 - 3000 - 2000 - 1000 - Revenue EBITDAR Profit (before tax) Graph of the two financial statements; Revenue, EBITDAR, profit (before tax) Year 2004 Year 2007 11 -10 - 9.0 - 8.0 -7.0 - 6.0 - - % 5.0 - 4.0 - 3.0 - 2.0 - 1.0 - Revenue EBITDAR Profit (before tax) Graph of the two financial statements; Revenue (reported change), EBITDAR (reported change), profit before tax (reported change) Year 2004 Year 2007 i. Before implementation of the new strategies As per the above table, the company's profit before taxation amounted to 592 million which was13.2% for that year. In the same year, the company's consolidated revenues shot up by 4.3% which were the same as moving from 295 million to 7,123 million. Not including...While carrying out the research regarding ACCOR group of companies, importance of selecting the appropriate paradigm is emphasized. This includes the opinions on how to carry out the research as well as the necessary approach of data collection and analysis. The methods used to collect the appropriate data included a quantitative data collection approach: getting the relevant data from the company's management information systems where it has provided its financial reports before the implementation of the strategies and after this period. The collected data is then analyzed using tables and charts in order to draw conclusion on whether the strategies made any changes to the company. There is also analysis of the strategies used by two other major rivals of ACCOR group of companies which are used to corroborate the hypothesis to be deductive. Roy 1995As per the above table, the company's profit before taxation amounted to 592 million which was13.2% for that year. In the same year, the company's consolidated revenues shot up by 4.3% which were the same as moving from 295 million to 7,123 million. Not including the effects of transitions in scope of exchange rates and consolidation, the revenues went up by 4.6% for the same year as well as 5.1% in the fourth section of the year. This indicated the company's demand in the group's activities.

Nursing Care of People with Substance Related Disorder and Dual Case Study

Nursing Care of People with Substance Related Disorder and Dual Diagnosis - Case Study Example Initially he liked drinking with his friends but over past few years, his drinking has become quite escalated to the extent he is alcohol dependent in order to cope with daily cores. His convulsive consumption of alcohol is very pronounced, since he says that normally he takes a couple of beers in the morning and ends in the evening by consuming two or three bottles of wine and some mixers. Joe also appears to be very depressed and hopeless as he explained that he was feeling very low and regrets about having lost the only things that matters to him. Looking at his medical history, he appears to have lost considerable weight, which he explains by saying that he does not like eating, and he lacks appetite most of times due to nausea. It appears that Joe is in need of nursing care of people with substance related disorder and dual diagnosis. Dual diagnosis refers to the comorbid condition of a person who is suffering from a substance abuse problem and mental illness (Elder, Evans & Niz ette, 2009). High-risk alcohol consumption is not a problem that affects Joe alone, but it is prevalent in Australia, with about 3200 people dying as a result of excessive alcohol consumption and around 81000 people being hospitalized annually (Australian Government, 2011). Moreover, the Australian community incurred approximately $15.3 billion in 2004/05 from alcohol-related social problems (Australian House of Representatives, 2010). Assessment: Biopsychosocial assessment It involves interview or interviews combined with physical and psychological examinations that are aimed at gathering all the information related to physical, psychological, and social issues that may be affecting problems such as addiction, emotional and personality difficulties (Myers & Salt, 2007). Joe, in his late 20s, appeared to have all signs of a late stage alcoholic developing into alcohol withdrawal. He looked sweaty, eyes dilated and his hands were trembling badly. His blood/alcohol level was at that m oment low. His nose and cheeks were red with tiny spider veins and when asked to extend his hands out in front, they were very tremulous. He looked more of a featherweight person with a distended abdomen. He scored high on the CAGE assessment test and did not have other drug substances in his system. Mental health status assessment Mental health assessment helps a healthcare practitioner to get the overall picture of how well a patient feels emotionally and their ability to think, reason, and remember (Fabricius, Langa & Wilson, 2008). He appears to have a memory lapse, as he cannot remember people close to him - he kept confusing their names. His thinking was relatively slow, and the speech was somehow slurred. It was apparent that he had lost control of his drinking and now his drinking has escalated. He was confused and depressed by his situation. The divorce and custody of his child appear to have added hopelessness and misery to his predicament. For most of the time, he was fee ling guilty and worthless for losing interest in things that were important in his life. His sleeping habit is quite troubled since he has to take alcohol in order to sleep. Substance use history Substance use history helps a doctor to assess dual diagnosis patient history of how they have been abusing substances, for what given timeframe and

How smoking can negatively affect your life Essay Example for Free

How smoking can negatively affect your life Essay My name is Kimberly Robinson. Today, I will be discussing how smoking can negatively affect your life in so many different ways. Like many people, you already know that smoking is bad for your health. But not many fully understand just how dangerous smoking really is. Every single cigarette you smoke does damage to your body. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2017), cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States, causing more than 480,000 deaths each year and the risk of dying from cigarette smoking has been increasing over the past 50 years. It causes nearly one in five deaths which are more than car accidents, illegal drugs, Aids, murders, and suicides combined. That is scary to think about. Smoking can affect many things in your life including your health, appearance and your finances. Smokers are more likely than non-smokers to develop heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer. Smoking can cause yellow teeth and fingers and also bad breath. Don’t even get me started on the fact that smoking can be an expensive hobby. In the state of Virginia, the average cost for a pack of cigarette is $5.25, according to fairreporters.net. If a smoker smokes three packs per day, that is about $5748.75 per year. That extra money could be spent on your family. Choosing to damage your body is one thing, but smoking doesn’t only affect your health, it also affects the health of the people are the closest to you. According to the (Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC, 2017), second-hand smoke has the same harmful chemicals that mainstream smoke contains and prolonged exposure increases to the risk of lung disease by 23% to 25%. According to the U.S Food and Drug Administration (2017), there are more than 7,000 chemicals found in cigarette smoke and more than 70 of those chemicals are linked to cancer. Nicotine is the main component of tobacco. It is highly addictive, hence, the addiction that comes with smoking cigarettes. Nicotine causes the adrenal gland to release hormones that stimulate the brain and increases blood pressure and heart rate. Cigarette smoke also contains tar. Tar is a sticky brown substance that is produced when tobacco is burned. When the smoke is inhaled, tar forms a sticky layer inside of your lungs which will damage it and can cause cancer of the lungs, mouth, and throat. There are so many advantages of quitting smoking. By quitting smoking, you will improve your health and the health of others around you. The minute you stop smoking, the risks of getting a smoke-related disease will start to decrease. Because of the level of nicotine present in cigarette smoke, you may encounter some difficulties while trying to quit smoking but there are resources that can help you throughout the process. The first thing you should do is make the decision to quit and then make a list of the reasons why you want to do it. This way you will have something to refer to when you feel like giving up. Secondly, set a date at which you will quit and inform your family and friends about your upcoming journey. They might be able to motivate and help you when you are having hard days. The next thing to do is to remove any stimuli from your surrounding that could potentially cause you to revert. Some tools that can help you cope and have a smooth transition are counseling, nico tine replacement therapy, hypnosis, acupuncture therapy and support groups.

Macro Environmental Forces Slept Analysis Marketing Essay

Macro Environmental Forces Slept Analysis Marketing Essay The financial crisis initiated four years ago has been the reason for purchasing cuts on all dispensable products. Bottled water has been perceived as one of them and, therefore, its consumption has slightly decreased (Mintel, 2012). Consumers are not keen any more to pay for unnecessary goods and services, especially, those which can be substituted for other alternatives, for instance, the consumption of tap water in replace of bottled water. This could suggest that the issue has influenced the consumers mind by inciting them to drink tap water rather than to spend extra money on something which can be obtained for an extremely cheap price. Thus, the companies find themselves in a position where they need to reduce the price of their products in order to keep the business afloat. According to the newspaper reporter Smithers (2009) from the Guardian, the immediate impact of this credit crunch meant a declination of 9 % on number of bottles sold in the UK. http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2009/mar/23/bottled-water-sales-fall The companies have needed to find a reason which could motivate consumers to appreciate the benefits of bottled water and, hence, motivate them to purchase it as the economy has become an issue preventing its sales even though it is currently showing a slow improvement (The Guardian, 2012). http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/oct/25/british-economy-recession LEGAL FACTORS Specification of components and labelling requirements Bottled water companies production in the UK is restricted by laws at European and national level which not only concern with the protection of consumers but also the protection of the environment (Bottled water information, no date). The Food standard legislation is one of those regulations and it defends the rights of the consumers from being mislead when purchasing a food product (Food Standards Agency, no date). As a result, bottled water producers are obliged to state the components of the water ensuring the customers awareness of them. The labels of their products must specify these constituents. However, the requirements and rules on the positioning and labelling are different depending on the water category: natural mineral water, bottled drinking water and spring water (Mendip District Council, 2010). http://www.mendip.gov.uk/CouncilService.asp?id=SX9452-A7808400 Natural mineral waters must come from a recognised underground source and can only be subject to very limited treatments.   Any water labelled spring water must come from an underground source and meet certain exploitation and labelling requirements but does not need to be from an officially recognised source.   Bottled drinking can come from any water source and has fewer labelling restrictions than the other two categories Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (no date). The aim of this regulation is to stop the use of ozone-enriched air, in the case of the spring water, as disinfectant treatment and to ensure a better healthcare by reducing the toxic substances. The bottled water producers have to make sure to follow these rules before placing their products in the market place. Regulations to reduce environmental impacts Bottled water may be a serious impact on the environment and, for that reason; there are existing harsh rules which determine the way companies have to operate in order to maintain the impact to the lowest. Companies have to ensure they use the natural resources in a sustainable way (Bottled water information UK, no date) because the situation has come to a stage where their contribution in pollution is really significant. The production of plastic bottles and the transportation of water have actively affected the medium. Every year more than 3.5 billion pounds of PET plastic bottles come to be roadside litter, worthless material (Hays, no date, p:15)and another large quantity is burned liberating harmful pollutants into the atmosphere. Some companies have tried to improve their brand image by launching  initiatives with environmental words like plastic neutral and zero waste. However, campaigners still believe that generating and eliminate plastic bottles are catastrophic to the environment in any circumstance (Manchester Evening News, 2009). The Environmental Agency, the institution standing for the care of the environs, has dictated the Environmental Permitting Regulations 2010 which controls this liberation of contaminants into the air from large and multiple industrial operations (Environment Agency, no date). The bottled water producers are forced to find a way not to surpass these established limits as their infringement could lead to serious consequences. POLITICAL FACTORS This industry has constantly been affected by a succession of negative impacts as it has been seen previously. However, it has also taken advantage of opportunities which have been presented through positive factors. One of these opportunities is the health report given by the government which remarks the importance of drinking water, being hydrated .This health report is the new marketing strategy that the business needed in order to re-position itself in the market. Consumers commence to take more consideration for their health. Nonetheless, the main target that the government is intending to appeal is children as the obesity and other health issues are rapidly increasing in their sector (National Health Service Information Centre, 2012, p:24) .They want to influence them to follow a healthier lifestyle. http://www.ic.nhs.uk/webfiles/publications/003_Health_Lifestyles/OPAD12/Statistics_on_Obesity_Physical_Activity_and_Diet_England_2012.pdf The Health Protection Agency, a department which concerns with the health issues, wants to prevent and significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality arising from gastrointestinal disorders and other health effects, by ensuring that adequate measures are taken to improve access to safe and affordable water and adequate sanitation for all children Health Protection Agency (no date). This is a clear chance for the bottled water producers to stand and succeed generating a product which appeals to this particular target audience. Different sizes of bottles which can fit in their hands or in their launch box. Moreover, it has helped to create new advertising campaigns that promote and highlight the gains obtainable from bottled water, for example, Nestlà ©s pure life 2011 advertising campaign (YouTube, 2011). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oS5P9Y-ah3s SOCIAL FACTORS The bottled water industry has witnessed certain social aspects occurred in the outside world which have sometimes jeopardized its place in the beverage market. Nevertheless, some others factors have also become new doors for the business to expand. The conditions of tap water and its taste have caused a growth of tension among people. Consequently, consumers have started demanding something purer with nutrients and vitamins (McQueeney, 2012). It is then that the bottled water producers have realized the need of creating a product which suits the requests of this particular type of customer. They have understood their message by launching a range of bottled waters with different flavours widening, in this way, their choice (Jones, 2009). Volvic is clear example of one of those companies which has grasped this opportunity. http://www.beveragedaily.com/Markets/Flavour-and-function-triumph-in-bottled-water-market Another revolutionary social fact that changed the industry is the rise of body/health consciousness (NamNews, 2010). Society has become increasingly obsessed with their body shape to the point of being selective with the food and the drinks they consume. Food and drink production companies noticed that a place was being created for products low in calories which meant a new way to develop business (Public Relations Web, 2012). The bottled water market is one of the industries that considered that it was coming to be a sizeable and relevant market. Therefore, they strived to find a way to connect fitness with water (Forsyth, 2010). They created advertising campaigns where the characters (with great bodies) were involved in some kind of sport or activity. They were effective because people started to perceive water as indispensable for active life. However, there still was the need to portray that, to have the best of the bodies, the best water had to be consumed. That is exactly what Evian did. http://www.prweb.com/releases/food_additives_acidulants/fat_replacers_sweeteners/prweb10148697.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-11813975 The French brand Evian recognised the growing, wider health and fitness trend and exploited it to the full by marketing their bottled water the ultimate health and wellness product Forsyth, H. (2010). Bottled water was now being included as part of the shopping list and its demand has rapidly increased as people live a more beneficial life (BBC Two, 2010). http://www.kamcity.com/namnews/asp/newsarticle.asp?newsid=41408 https://release.worc.ac.uk/watch.php?r=ZC72HMLN TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS For any bottled water company, the expense to generate its products requires constant analysis at all levels. The extensive companies keep becoming stronger, coercing the suppliers to enhance quality and productivity but diminishing costs (Pall Corporation, 2006). This could be possible with the apparition of a new revolutionary way of production that could actually achieve that: The hollow fiber membrane technology. http://d2xjwcgentlu24.cloudfront.net/pdfs/Food-and-Beverage/Bottled_Water_App_Bulletin.pdf This innovation is based on the separation of both gassy and liquid elements. It has been demonstrated that the membranes work in water treatment. As a result, its development still proceeds. Nevertheless, there are few remaining problems that need to be solved (Stanford Research Institute International, no date). The European Commission (2010, p:9) also agrees with that. For that reason, it also emphasizes the relevance of this problem which makes it point of focus in its investigation. http://www.sri.com/work/projects/advanced-hollow-fiber-membrane-water-purification http://ec.europa.eu/research/environment/pdf/membrane-technologies.pdf MICRO-ENVIRONMENTAL FORCES The bottled water industry has faced some internal aspects occurring in its environment which have been harnessed appropriately in order to help the business boost its sales: competitive advantage within the soft drink market, convenience of bottled water, rise of focus on better healthcare, increase of eco-friendly interest ,etc (Mintel, 2012). COMPETITORS The successful outcome and behaviour of a company depend on the competition level in its market (Oxford University Press, 2007). Thus, companies must identify their relevant competitors in order to generate the most efficient marketing strategy to obtain profits and also help them become the leading company in their product category. The bottled water producers have made sure to achieve a developed competitive advantage which has helped them gain position (Mintel, 2012). For that reason, it is wrong to believe that tap water is the industry main competitor. Bottled water is currently occupying a high position in the market competing in the same level as soft drinks. It has maintained competitive prices by offering the minimum cost which has proved to be effective as it continues to be appealing to those customers seeking value for money (Mintel, 2012). The soft drink industry has struggled to sell its products due to the unfavourable publicity causing consumers to change their drink choices for healthier ones (Highbeam Business, 2012). This has meant a huge opportunity for the bottled water brands to gain popularity over their competitors. That is the reason why some big distributors of soft drinks, such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi, have realized the need to also get involved in the distribution of bottled water (i.e. Dasani, Aquafina) with the interest of expanding the business (McWilliams, 2010). However, some have succeeded in this purpose more than others. Today bottled water is the fastest-growing beverage category in the world (FiberWater, no date) despite their rivals try hard other strategies to recover their losses and regain market share. CUSTOMERS The number of consumers that see their lives as time-pressured grows every day (Mintel, 2012). According to this fact, convenience becomes an important factor influencing their decisions when purchasing a drink or a food product (Wales, 2009). That explains the growth of microwave dinners, drive-thru windows and online purchasing of groceries. However, there are other reasons that make bottled water convenient. When people buy it, what they are buying it is not the water so much as the bottle, what they are buying is the convenience of the package at that moment (Fisherman, 2010). If one finds himself in a situation where there is need of drinking water while being out (without availability of tap water), the first thing that would come to mind is to buy a bottle of water from the nearest store. In short, this suggests that what the industry is actually selling is the benefits of the product (portable, opportune at the needed time) which is what the customer wants, rather than produc t itself. The focus of the customers on convenience is good news for the industry as they gradually switch to the appropriateness of the beverage (Australasian bottled water institute, no date) with the extended variation of leisure activities, travelling and also the growth of life out home. http://www.bottledwater.org.au/scripts/cgiip.exe/WService=ASP0003/ccms.r?PageId=5002 SEGMENTATION, TARGETING POSITIONING The bottled water companies need to recognize and describe their potential markets. They need to break them down into different segments using demographic variables, psychographic variables and/or behavioural variables. Once this step is fulfilled, they have to evaluate the relevant segments and decide which ones to target. Finally, they design the product which meets the requirements of their targeted audience (Adcock et al., 2001). The market can possibly be divided by using different variables. However, the most relevant for the bottled water industry is probably the behavioural variables: non-users, light, moderate or heavy users (E-learn portal, 2012). For example, according to Euromonitor (2002) the bottled water consumption was heavy in Italy with an average of 155 litres per person a year while it was light in Finland with an average of 14 litres per person. http://www.elearnportal.com/courses/business/consumer-behavior/consumer-behavior-market-segmentation http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/foo_bot_wat_con-food-bottled-water-consumption EVIAN Evian is UK leading brand specialized in the distribution of bottled water (BBC, 2012). It is part of the product mix supplied by the French company Danone. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-business-19743806 The brand is generally aimed at heavy mineral water drinkers (Nielsen, 2009). However, on a detailed basis, Evian targets people of all ages; mums, babies, children, seniors and also people who carry an active lifestyle (Evian PET bottles), for example, students. Moreover, it also aims at restaurants, hotels and nightclubs as that explains the existence of Evian glass bottles (Evian, no date). A lot of people would say water does not offer too many opportunities. Nevertheless, Evian has achieved positioning its brand in the premium market by gaining from every parent concerned for the health of their newborns (Michael, 2012). Evian uses a unique brand communication which proves to be effective. It was clearly reflected on their advertising campaign under the slogan Live Young (Lab Brand, 2009). Brand Positioning on Emotional Benefits http://www.labbrand.com/brand-source/evian-strives-brand-differentiation-build-brand-equity EVIANS MARKETING MIX PRICE Evian wants the customers to distinguish their product as being a luxury from Mother Nature; consequently, they price it at the premium level (Fisher, 2012). This is due to the reliance they have developed over the years since the establishment of the brand. The price is what gives standard to their product line (Kapferer, 2008). The following image gives an idea of the average price of Evians product line in Tesco. Figure 1: Evian brand price at Tesco (My supermarket 2012). PLACE Evian clearly distributes its bottles through supermarkets, such as, Tesco, Asda, Waitrose, Ocado and Sainsburys (My supermarket, 2012). Similarly, they use some smaller retailers as their supply channel as it is a wider way to reach their customers. In some occasions, the brand may also be placed in vending machines as it can be seen in the picture below. http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRL-LKivJKsbaGbwI7qTyEq0EG-7BkObbtFCXPi_ykx8sFpS33eoQ Figure 2: Evian bottles in a vending machine (Source: Google, 2011). PRODUCT The brand offers ranges of bottles suited to each of their different target audiences. For example, the PET bottles for sports practitioners and the glass bottles for the restaurants. It is noticeable that the firm uses different materials to generate its bottles: plastic bottles, resistant to movement, and glass bottles, more delicate, sign of sophistication (Evian, no date). In addition, Evian offers its water in bottles of different sizes adapted to the convenience of the customer. http://www.evian.com/files/contents/38/bottles_PET_BE.png Figure3: Evian bottles in different sizes (Source: Evian, no date). PROMOTION It uses different ways to communicate its message to the target audience with the interest of creating a connection between them and the product. Some of the various effective techniques they utilize to make that possible are brand endorsement and advertising through different channels. In addition, the brand is sponsor of sport icons like Maria Sharapova (The drum, 2012). Figure 5: Evians billboard advert (Source: Google 2012). Figure 4: Evians brand endorsement (Source: AdWeek 2006).http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSwg1SFW7p_fwN4mSlHvY0Pdu9WHXFWizkyTgMIYXuRCfBouuoqCYvGtj1bSA http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ9zwxjho_G7ARm8PA5qhZORnp-MylAVKZVyPCrw_cIxunvbXiKLw http://liamsmarketingandprblog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/11/analysis-and-swot-analysis-of-one-brand.html http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8PoItiB7bicCpg=PA235lpg=PA235dq=evian-+premium+pricesource=blots=ewZc0xoEWBsig=_b3qj2975SIOafxq1j49xu89Ldghl=ensa=Xei=NO61UO_yLYiH0AW69YHoBgved=0CFkQ6AEwBg#v=onepageq=evian-%20premium%20pricef=false http://www.mysupermarket.co.uk/brands/evian_in_tesco.html http://www.mysupermarket.co.uk/#/tesco-price-comparison/mineral_water/evian_natural_still_mineral_water_2l.html http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?q=Evian+bottles+in+a+vending+machineum=1hl=ensa=Ntbo=dbiw=1366bih=653tbm=ischtbnid=Ut337L89YKN7rM:imgrefurl=http://vintage.johnnyjet.com/folder/archive/France-South-Nice-Aix-en-Provence-DiScala-Wedding-Chateau-Grimaldi-Best-Western-2011-7.htmldocid=Wxlz77d416FJLMimgurl=http://vintage.johnnyjet.com/photos-2011/Nice-France-June-2011-176.jpgw=640h=480ei=SOu5UJXeGcLF0QWAqIHIAwzoom=1iact=rcdur=399sig=113099667739855397104page=1tbnh=143tbnw=212start=0ndsp=23ved=1t:429,r:22,s:0,i:157tx=131ty=95 http://www.evian.com/en_GB/54-evian-PET-bottles James Blake is cool, but can he heat up? http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?q=evian+billboard+adsstart=185hl=ensa=Xtbo=dbiw=1366bih=653tbm=ischtbnid=Op4ec1VRnuLuXM:imgrefurl=http://www.artrick-playground.com/article/Evian-T-Shirts-Are-Back/3247/1024811docid=4RFzSZrgBnMPyMimgurl=http://www.artrick-playground.com/static/images/3247/Evian-T-Shirts-Are-Back_1024811_profile.jpgw=440h=330ei=XuO5UP2CGqrQ0QWln4GgBgzoom=1iact=hcvpx=1066vpy=301dur=485hovh=194hovw=259tx=147ty=66sig=113099667739855397104page=8tbnh=149tbnw=214ndsp=34ved=1t:429,r:78,s:100,i:58 http://www.thedrum.com/news/2012/06/28/evian-extends-sponsorship-deals-maria-sharapova-and-wimbledon